Many patients report medication sensitivities and/or allergies. By definition, an "allergy" is a potentially life-threatening reaction to a medication, while a sensitvity may be a typical side-effect. For example, a blotchy, red rash that is otherwise not bothersome or itchy is a fequent side-effect of many antibiotics. Abdominal discomfort would be another example. An allergic response is considered when a patient reports hives (raised, red welts that itch), wheezing, difficulty in breathing, sneezing or rhinitis, or syncope (passing out.)

Diagnosis is made by history and review of medical records. There are no current standardized tests for medication allergy, although testing should be available for penicillin in the near future. If a medication is required, you can consult with your allergist regarding options of a challenge or desensitization procedure.

A challenge involves giving a low dose of the suspected medicine in a controlled setting. A desensitization assumes the allergy is present based on history and may be performed either in the outpatient or hospital setting. As there is a risk for a life-threatening reaction to either procedure, these should only be performed in an office equipped to handle anaphylaxis and after thorough discussion of the risks, benefits and alternatives with your allergist.